Pagan Origins of ‘Ring a Ring o’ Roses’?

‘Ring a Ring o’ Roses,’ also known as ‘Ring Around the Rosie’ in the United States, is a popular nursery rhyme and traditional children’s game that has been passed down through generations. The origin and true meaning of this seemingly innocent rhyme have been the subject of debate and speculation for many years. In this article, we will explore the various interpretations and theories behind the meaning of ‘Ring a Ring o’ Roses.’

The most well-known and controversial theory about the rhyme’s meaning is that it originated and is a reference to the Great Plague of London in 1665. According to this interpretation, each line in the rhyme corresponds to a different aspect of the plague:

1. ‘Ring-a-ring o’ roses’ is said to represent the red welts or rashes that appeared on the skin of the infected individuals. 2. ‘A pocket full of posies’ refers to the belief that carrying sweet-smelling flowers, such as posies, would protect individuals from contracting the disease. This was based on the miasma theory of disease transmission, which suggested that bad smells caused illness. 3. ‘Atishoo! Atishoo!’ (or ‘ashes, ashes’ in the American version) is believed to symbolise the sneezing and coughing that were common symptoms of the plague. 4. ‘We all fall down’ is thought to represent the ultimate fate of many plague victims: death.

While this interpretation is intriguing and has been popularised in various forms, many folklorists and historians argue that it is unlikely that the rhyme originated during the time of the plague. There is no documented evidence of the rhyme existing before the late 18th century, more than a century after the Great Plague. Furthermore, the cultural context and symbolism do not align with what is known about the plague and its symptoms.

Other theories suggest that the rhyme has different origins and meanings. Some believe that it is related to ancient pagan rituals or fertility dances, as the circular formation of the game resembles the movement of the sun and the cycle of life. Some researchers propose that the rhyme has its roots in medieval dancing customs and courtship rituals, with the falling down at the end representing a graceful bow or curtsey.

Ultimately, the true meaning and origin of ‘Ring a Ring o’ Roses’ remain open to interpretation and debate. While the plague theory has captured the imaginations of many, there is no definitive proof to support it. Regardless, the rhyme has endured as a beloved children’s song and game, continuing to captivate and engage young minds.

In conclusion, ‘Ring a Ring o’ Roses’ is a fascinating example of the complex and multifaceted nature of nursery rhymes and folklore. Its various interpretations and theories serve as a reminder of the rich tapestry of human history and culture, as well as the enduring power of stories and traditions passed down through generations.